Targets & Progress: A Deep-Dive into Why the Public Sector Needs Them

13 March 2023

Author
Lucas Lefley
Copywriter

Monitoring Progress toward Net Zero

One of the key points of inspiration for the development of cero.earth, edenseven’s in-house carbon accounting platform, was a visible lack of structure or set of targets keeping the public sector sustainable and environmentally conscious.


Although the Climate Change Act of 2008, which provided a legislative framework to reduce the UK’s greenhouse gas emissions by 80% in 2050, represents an admirable point of long-term planning, the public sector suffers from a noticeable absence of incentive to complete short-term targets, making any tangible progress towards this date difficult to achieve.

In any business, the presence of clear and informed goals is indispensable to accelerating progress, by not only providing incentive but allowing for consistent and inarguable accountability for those falling behind—and the business of sustainability should be no different.


This article will demonstrate how cero.earth can help the public sector, particularly central government and local authorities, to refine their targets by allowing for regular monitoring, reporting, and tracking of their invaluable progress in order to achieve net zero—in short, providing a cleaner structure to a cleaner earth.


[Note: numbers in brackets refer to paragraph numbers in a report]

The Gap in Progress between Local Authorities

2050 2023-2027 22
government has given a statutory commitment to net-zero greenhouse emissions period in which the UK’s emissions are projected to exceed government’s targets without further action dedicated grant schemes for net zero work that local authorities could apply for in 2020-21

Although the public sector has taken tangible steps towards progress, it is still failing to reach achievable goals.

 

In 2021, the National Audit Office (NAO) reported that 91% of local authorities (out of a sample of 232) have adopted at least one decarbonisation commitment that aligns with the UK Government’s overarching net zero target (1.8). Given the three main areas of sustainability that the NAO list as being largely influenced by the public sector—transport, housing, and waste (1.12)—this represents a substantial and applaudable effort. However, the situation behind this statistic is still slightly less cohesive than it could be.


The report continues that some local authorities have declared an all-out climate emergency since 2018 (1.8) and implemented strict decarbonisation regimes as a result, such as 38% of single and upper tier authorities committing to net zero by 2030 (Fig. 2 - reproduced below)

A commitment to work towards carbon neutral or net zero emissions in the local authority area 73% of single and upper tier authorities
Of which
By or before 2030 38%
Between 2031 and 2050 33%
No date set 3%
A commitment to work towards carbon neutral or net zero emissions from their own activities 75% of local authorities in our sample (base 232)
At least one commitment to work towards carbon neutral or net zero emissions with any scope 91% of local authorities in our sample (base 232)

The Role of Central Government to Define Targets

The blame is not to be placed squarely on local authorities. As the NAO’s report explains, their situation is inherited from a similar lack of direction in central government: ‘Central government has not yet developed with local authorities any overall expectations about their roles in achieving the national net zero target’—asserts the first of their Key Findings.


The key word here, however, is ‘yet’. Though it is true that their reporting could benefit from some refinement, with the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts report 2022-23 currently describing it as ‘fragmented and ineffective’ (3), the results that can be gauged represent a heartfelt effort to achieve some progress toward sustainability.

Take, for example, their ‘Greening Government Commitments’, a set of short-term goals designed to break up and make manageable the journey to net zero.


These targets cover a range of areas, in brief:


  • 25% of the government car fleet to be ultra-low emission vehicles (ULEV) by the end of 2022, and 100% to be fully zero emissions at the end of 2027.


  • Reduce the emissions of domestic business flights by 30% by 2025.


  • Reduce the overall amount of waste generated by 15% by 2025.


  • Reduce water consumption by at least 8% by 2025.



These are all—especially the latter—ambitious but achievable targets, but what has central government actually achieved so far? And, more to the point, how can we find out?

The Current State of Progress

To put it briefly, though none of these targets have reached completion, they have each received some level of progress throughout the various government sectors, indicating an impressive—if not slightly stunted—start to the race to net zero.


These are some of the successes:


  • Although both the Ministry of Defence (MOD) and the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy struggled to convert 25% of their respective fleets to ULEV by last year, the Department for Transport did.
  • Despite the cabinet office increasing their domestic business flights by 18%, every other sector is already well over target, with the Ministry of Justice (MOJ) reducing flights by 93%.
  • Although there is a drastic disparity in the reduction of waste achieved thus far, the BEIS has reduced theirs by over triple the target, and the cabinet office has reduced theirs by 6x the target.
  • Even though a similar disparity in water usage persists, most government sectors are well over their reduction target, with cabinet office reducing theirs by over 5x.


While greenhouse gas reductions are unanimously under-target across the board, there is at least some progress which central government has just under a decade to accelerate.


What risks inhibiting this acceleration, along with the complete fruition of these targets, however, is central government’s lack of clear reporting or accountability. As the Committee of Public Accounts reports: although the BEIS produces an annual estimate of the government’s progress titled the ‘Greenhouse Gas Inventory’, their data is unfortunately not detailed enough to identify which areas of the public sector are ‘making slower progress in reducing emissions’ (9), or to demonstrate whether the public sector in general is ‘reducing emissions quickly enough to meet its longer-term targets’ (9). Similarly, to local authorities, this hides the progress that central government has already made, and obscures what they have left to achieve.

Our Key Takeaway for the Public Sector

Even though the public sector has made substantial progress toward a more sustainable future, it is clear that they still suffer from a lack of cohesive structure or direction, meaning that they are not quite progressing to their full potential.

The government’s GGCs represent a strong step in the right direction, but momentum has been lost in a veil of scattered reporting and unclear accountability. Furthermore, this lack of clarity is being projected onto local authorities, who consequently ‘find it hard to engage with central government on net zero’ (12).


If there is one take away to be drawn from these quotes and statistics it is that targets, goals, and reductions, while valuable, can only do so much if this value is being rendered invisible by an unrefined approach to monitoring and reporting.

The progress being made by central government and local authorities should not be put on hold. But it would be worth investing some time into cleaning up such methods in order to uphold this momentum to a sustainable future.


Our sustainability and EV expert Simon King gives this view:

“There are some excellent examples of climate leadership in the public sector, but overall the lack of consistent targets and clear standards for measurement and reporting of emissions is holding back progress. Both the National Audit Office in 2021 and the Public Accounts Committee in 2022 have highlighted this problem. A carbon management system which provides clear data, insight, and crucially action would address this major gap allowing cost and carbon savings to be delivered.”

How cero.earth, our Carbon Accounting Platform, can Help the Public Sector

Public sector organisations can benefit greatly from cero.earth's comprehensive, data-driven and intuitive approach to monitoring and tracking progress towards sustainability targets.


With cero.earth's detailed insights and actionable recommendations, public bodies can produce reliable reports on their progress and take decisive action to reach their goals on schedule.


Find out more about cero.earth.


If you are a public organisation and want to know more about cero.earth, get in touch for a free thirty-minute consultation.

by Doug Mccauley 27 April 2026
Fuel Type Breakdown Britain’s electricity generation in March 2026 was led by wind, which contributed 35% of the energy mix. This represents a strong rebound from the 26% recorded in March 2025 and marks wind’s highest March share on record. Wind once again overtook gas to become the dominant source of electricity, underlining its growing central role as Britain transitions into spring with continued strong renewable output. Gas supplied 22% of electricity in March 2026, a significant decrease from 31% in March 2025. This 9 percentage point reduction reflects both stronger renewable generation and continued progress in limiting reliance on fossil fuels, particularly outside peak winter demand. Electricity imports accounted for 16% of the generation mix in March 2026. While slightly lower than the 18% recorded in March 2025, imports remain an important contributor, highlighting the ongoing role of interconnectors in maintaining system resilience and flexibility. Nuclear power contributed 11%, unchanged from March 2025 and continuing a period of relatively subdued nuclear availability compared to historical norms. Biomass generation increased modestly to 6%, up from 5% in March 2025, continuing to provide a stable source of low‑carbon, dispatchable generation. Solar output reached 6%, slightly below the 7% recorded in March 2025 but broadly in line with seasonal expectations as daylight hours increase into spring. Storage technologies contributed 2% of total generation, doubling from 1% in March 2025 and marking the highest March contribution on record. This increase reflects the continued expansion and importance of battery & storage assets in balancing a more renewables‑led system. Hydropower remained stable at 2%, consistent with recent years. Coal once again remained absent from the generation mix, reinforcing Britain’s continued exit from coal‑fired electricity generation following its phase‑out in 2024. Zero-Carbon Sources & Carbon Intensity Zero‑carbon sources, including wind, solar, nuclear, hydro, and biomass, generated 66% of Britain’s electricity in March 2026. This represents the highest March share on record and a substantial increase of 21 percentage points compared to March 2025. Carbon intensity fell sharply to 117 gCO₂/kWh in March 2026, making it 20% cleaner than the 146 gCO₂/kWh recorded in March 2025. This marks the lowest March carbon intensity on record and reflects the combined impact of strong wind generation, reduced gas usage, and rising contributions from storage and other low‑carbon sources. On a rolling 12‑month basis, carbon intensity declined slightly to 125 gCO₂/kWh, down from 127 gCO₂/kWh in the previous period. Meanwhile, the rolling 12‑month average for zero‑carbon generation increased to 60%, highlighting sustained progress in decarbonising Britain’s electricity system over the past year. Concluding Remarks March 2026 marked a major step forward for Britain’s power sector. Wind reclaimed its position as the dominant generation source, zero‑carbon generation exceeded two‑thirds of total output, and carbon intensity fell to record‑low levels for the month. While gas continues to play a role in system balancing, its share declined materially year‑on‑year. Imports and nuclear generation remained important supporting contributors, while the growing role of storage is increasingly evident. Looking ahead to the summer months, maintaining high renewable output, alongside continued investment in flexibility, storage, and firm low‑carbon capacity, will be critical in sustaining emissions reductions and strengthening Britain’s long‑term energy resilience. Britain's Electricity Summary Charts
by Doug Mccauley 14 April 2026
PRESS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE  Gloucestershire County Council has selected edenseven’s cutting-edge sustainability management platform, cero.earth, to strengthen emissions reporting, improve collaboration with its suppliers, inform investment decisions and support delivery of its climate commitments.Corporate Accountability Exposed as Climate Commitments Fail to Deliver.
by Doug Mccauley 23 March 2026
Why the transition to a lower carbon economy is fundamentally about operational resilience. For the past decade, sustainability has steadily moved up the corporate agenda. Boardrooms have become familiar with terms such as net zero, ESG reporting, and climate disclosures. Businesses have been asked to publish targets, measure emissions, and demonstrate progress against a growing range of frameworks. But somewhere along the way, the conversation became overly complicated. For many business leaders, sustainability began to feel less like a commercial strategy and more like a reporting exercise. ESG ratings, disclosure requirements, and long-term commitments increasingly dominated the discussion. In some organisations, this created frustration and fatigue. Leaders struggled to connect sustainability narratives with the practical realities of running a business. Yet the truth is far simpler than the debate suggests. Sustainability is not only about reputation or reporting. Financial returns and resilience are becoming priorities for businesses. Recent global events are reminding us of that reality. The Return of Energy Security For most companies, energy has returned to the centre of strategic decision-making. Recent geopolitical developments have once again exposed how fragile global energy systems can be. Escalating tensions in the Middle East and the resulting conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran have already triggered renewed volatility in oil markets. These developments are not isolated shocks; they are part of a broader shift in how global energy markets operate. For a long time now, energy commodity prices have not simply been influenced by supply and demand. They have been shaped by geopolitics, national security concerns, and global power dynamics. For business, this matters enormously. Energy volatility rarely remains confined to commodity markets. It quickly feeds into manufacturing costs, logistics, procurement decisions, and the price of goods and services. Supply chains tighten, inflation rises, and margins come under pressure. This is why energy security has rapidly returned to the board agenda. Leadership teams are now asking themselves the question: How exposed is our business to energy market shocks? Organisations that cannot answer that question clearly are increasingly recognising a deeper vulnerability within their operations. The Sustainability Narrative Lost Its Way At the same time that energy volatility has returned, the sustainability conversation itself has been undergoing a correction. Over the past few years, many businesses experienced what has often been described as ‘ESG fatigue’. Sustainability became associated with reporting frameworks, compliance obligations, and external scrutiny. The narrative grew increasingly complex, while the operational relevance sometimes became less clear. In some cases, sustainability programmes became disconnected from the core drivers of business performance. That disconnect has been exposed by the current global environment. When energy prices surge or supply chains become unstable, businesses quickly rediscover what sustainability was always meant to address: resource security and operational efficiency. The companies navigating this environment most successfully are not necessarily those with the most ambitious climate targets. They are the organisations that have invested in improving how their operations use energy, materials, and resources. They understand that sustainability is not an abstract environmental concept. It is a practical operational strategy. Businesses that use less energy, generate more of their own power, and reduce dependency on volatile commodity markets are fundamentally more resilient. They are also structurally more competitive. Sustainability Is Really About Risk and Competitiveness Seen through the right lens, sustainability is simply another form of risk management. Businesses today operate within a landscape of increasing regulatory scrutiny, rising energy costs, and growing expectations from investors and supply chains. At the same time, climate-related disruptions and geopolitical tensions are introducing new uncertainties into global markets. For many organisations, sustainability risks now intersect directly with core business risks. Energy price exposure can reshape operating margins. Supply chain disruptions can affect product availability and customer relationships. Investor expectations around climate risk can influence access to capital. Even insurance markets are beginning to factor climate resilience into underwriting decisions. Ignoring these realities does not remove the risk. It simply increases exposure. Yet the most interesting aspect of the sustainability transition is that the same actions that reduce risk often strengthen competitiveness. Businesses that improve energy efficiency lower their operating costs. Companies that electrify operations reduce dependency on volatile fossil fuel markets. Organisations that invest in on-site renewable energy gain greater control over their energy supply. In volatile markets, the businesses with the lowest and most stable energy costs will inevitably outperform those that remain exposed to global commodity shocks. This is why investors are increasingly shifting their focus. Rather than simply assessing climate commitments, they are looking at something far more fundamental: transition readiness and operational resilience. The Companies That Win Will Have Structurally Lower Costs The transition to a lower-carbon economy will not unfold evenly across industries. Some sectors will move faster than others, and the pace of policy change will continue to vary between regions. But one outcome is already becoming clear. The companies that succeed in this transition will have structurally lower energy, material and carbon costs than their competitors. They will operate with more efficient processes, smarter infrastructure, and more resilient supply chains. They will generate a greater share of their own energy and rely less on volatile global commodity markets. In other words, they will have fundamentally stronger business models. This is where the sustainability conversation needs to return. For too long, sustainability has been framed primarily as a reputational issue or a long-term climate commitment. While those elements remain important, they are not the primary reason why businesses are engaging with sustainability today. The real driver is economics. Energy, materials, and resources underpin every industry. Businesses that can secure them more efficiently and manage them more intelligently will always have a competitive advantage. In that sense, sustainability is not separate from business strategy. It is becoming the strategy. As global markets continue to evolve, leadership teams face a defining question. Will sustainability remain a reporting exercise within their organisation, driven by compliance and external expectations? Or will it become a strategic tool used to strengthen resilience, reduce costs and secure long-term competitiveness? The companies that answer that question early are already positioning themselves differently. In a volatile world, operational resilience may prove to be the most valuable asset a business can build. Supporting Organisations Through The Transition At edenseven, we work with organisations that want to approach sustainability as a strategic opportunity rather than simply a reporting requirement. Our focus is on helping leadership teams understand how sustainability connects directly to operational resilience, energy strategy and long-term cost competitiveness. This means looking beyond frameworks and targets to focus on the practical decisions that shape business performance: energy infrastructure, resource efficiency, supply chain resilience, and credible transition planning. The organisations that will lead the transition are not necessarily those making the loudest commitments. They are the ones building structurally stronger and more resilient operations. If you would like to explore how sustainability can strengthen your organisation’s operational resilience and competitive positioning, we would welcome the opportunity to start that conversation. Speak to a member of the edenseven team today!
by Doug Mccauley 17 March 2026
Fuel Type Breakdown Britain’s electricity generation in February 2026 was led by wind, which contributed 36% of the energy mix. While slightly below the 40% recorded in February 2022, this represents strong performance and a 4 percentage point increase compared to February 2025. February 2026 also marked the seventh consecutive month that wind has been Britain’s dominant source of electricity, outpacing gas, reinforcing its position at the centre of the country’s power system. Gas supplied 29% of electricity in February 2026, down from 33% in February 2025, but still a significant contributor to the overall mix. This reduction reflects continued progress in limiting fossil fuel reliance. Electricity imports accounted for 12% of the generation mix, unchanged from February 2025 and broadly consistent with recent years. This sustained level highlights the ongoing role of interconnectors in supporting system stability. Nuclear power contributed 11%, slightly down from 12% in February 2025 and continuing the trend of reduced nuclear availability compared to earlier in the decade. Biomass generation remained steady at 7%, providing a reliable source of low-carbon, dispatchable power. Solar output contributed 2%, in line with seasonal expectations and unchanged from the previous year. Storage technologies increased their contribution to 2%, up from 1% in February 2025 and marking the highest February share on record. This reflects continued growth and the increasing importance of battery & storage assets in managing system flexibility. Hydropower fell to 1%, down from 2% in February 2025, representing one of the lowest February contributions in recent years. Coal remained absent from the generation mix, following its removal from Britain's electricity generation in 2024. Zero-Carbon Sources & Carbon Intensity Zero-carbon sources, including wind, solar, nuclear, and hydro, generated 63% of Britain’s electricity in February 2026. This marks the highest February share in the past six years and a 15 percentage point increase compared to February 2025. Carbon intensity declined to 136 gCO₂/kWh, 7% cleaner than the 147 gCO₂/kWh in February 2025 and continuing the broader downward trend compared to historical levels. This reduction reflects stronger renewable generation, particularly from wind, alongside lower gas usage. On a rolling 12-month basis, carbon intensity stood at 128 gCO₂/kWh, slightly higher (2%) than the previous period but still significantly below levels seen earlier in the decade. Meanwhile, the rolling 12-month average for zero-carbon generation rose to 59%, indicating continued progress in decarbonising Britain’s electricity system. Concluding Remarks  February 2026 continued the positive momentum seen at the start of the year. Wind remained the dominant generation source for a seventh consecutive month, and notably, February 2026 also marked the seventh consecutive month of renewable-dominated electricity generation in Britain. Zero-carbon output exceeded 60%, while carbon intensity declined year-on-year. Despite this progress, gas continues to play a key role in balancing the system during winter months, while nuclear output remains below historic levels and imports continue to support supply. Looking ahead, maintaining strong renewable performance, alongside further investment in storage and firm low-carbon capacity, will be essential to sustaining emissions reductions and strengthening Britain’s long-term energy resilience. Britain's Electricity Summary Charts
wind turbines at sunset with text
by Doug Mccauley 3 March 2026
edenseven are following trends in the renewable energy sector closely, as decarbonising the energy sector is vital for ensuring a sustainable future and achieving Net Zero. Considering the recent DESNZ quarterly update of the renewable energy planning database, we have produced a consolidated summary of projects in the United Kingdom that have received planning permission. We will continue to release updates each quarter. Key Insights: In the 12 months to the end of Q4 2025, the UK approved 677 solar PV projects, a 14% year-on-year increase and the second-highest rolling 12-month total on record. Together, these projects will deliver a record 6,075 MW of capacity, 37% more than the previous peak year in 2023. 2025 was a landmark year for UK offshore wind. Eight projects were approved, unlocking a record-breaking 9,900 MW of capacity, nearly double the previous peak set in 2015 and almost seven times the 1,282 MW approved in 2024. Onshore wind approvals rose to 56 projects. While this ranks only eighth by project count, their combined capacity of 1,734 MW is the second-highest total on record.
by Doug Mccauley 6 February 2026
Fuel Type Breakdown Britain’s electricity generation in January 2026 was led by wind, which supplied 37% of the energy mix. This marks a strong rebound from the 27% recorded in January 2025 and represents the highest January contribution in the past five years. Wind outperformed gas by 6 percentage points, reinforcing its growing role as the backbone of winter electricity generation. Gas accounted for 31% of electricity generation in January 2026, down from 38% in January 2025 but still reflecting its continued role in meeting peak winter demand. Despite the year-on-year decline, gas remained the second-largest source of generation during the month. Electricity imports contributed 11% of the generation mix, slightly lower than January 2025 but broadly in line with recent winters. This continued reliance on imports highlights the importance of interconnectors in balancing domestic supply during periods of high demand. Nuclear power supplied 10% of electricity, down from 12% in January 2025 and well below levels seen earlier in the decade. This ongoing reduction reflects the continued decline of nuclear electricity generation in Britain. Biomass generation increased to 7%, up from 6% in January 2025, providing a stable source of dispatchable low-carbon power. Solar generation contributed 2%, consistent with recent January levels and reflecting limited seasonal output. Storage technologies supplied 2% of the mix, matching January 2025 and marking the joint-highest January contribution on record. This continued growth highlights the increasing importance of battery and storage assets in managing system flexibility. Hydropower remained steady at 2%, consistent with recent January performance. Coal remained absent from the generation mix, following its removal from Britain’s electricity generation in 2024. Zero-Carbon Sources & Carbon Intensity Zero-carbon sources, including wind, solar, nuclear and hydro, delivered 61% of Britain’s electricity in January 2026. This represents a significant improvement on January 2025’s 43% and the highest January share in the past five years. Carbon intensity fell to 144 gCO₂/kWh, a notable reduction (14%) compared with 168 gCO₂/kWh in January 2025 and broadly in line with January 2023 levels. This improvement reflects the stronger contribution from wind, storage and biomass alongside reduced gas generation. On a rolling 12-month basis, carbon intensity stood at 129 gCO₂/kWh, slightly higher than the previous rolling period but still well below historical averages. Meanwhile, the rolling 12-month average for zero-carbon generation increased to 57% (up by 6 percentage points), underlining continued long-term progress in decarbonising Britain’s electricity supply. Concluding Remarks January 2026 marked a strong start to the year for Britain’s electricity transition. Wind reclaimed its position as January's leading power source, following two years of gas-led January generation. Zero-carbon generation exceeded 60%, and carbon intensity fell sharply compared to the previous January. However, gas continued to play a significant role in meeting winter demand, while nuclear output remained subdued, and imports continued to play a large role in supporting system balance. Sustaining progress through the remainder of the year will depend on maintaining high renewable output, accelerating storage deployment, and further reducing our reliance on fossil-fuel-sourced energy. Britain's Electricity Summary Charts
Electricity pylon against amber sky, with text
by Doug Mccauley 28 January 2026
Finding 1: Wind Energy Dominated Britain's Electricity Generation in 2025 In 2025, wind energy was Britain’s largest source of electricity generation, supplying around a third (30%) of total electricity. Wind now makes up almost 10% more of Britain's electricity mix than it did in 2021, underscoring its role as the backbone of Britain’s electricity system (figures 1 & 2). Finding 2: Gas Levels Have Fallen Dramatically Since 2021 Gas generation declined by almost 15%, falling from 39% of Britain’s electricity mix in 2021 to 26% in 2025. After a sharp decline between 2021 and 2024, gas output stabilised in 2025, indicating a new, lower baseline for fossil-fuel generation (figures 1 & 2). Finding 3: Coal Absent from Britain's Electricity Mix in 2025 Coal’s share of generation fell from 2% in 2021 to 0% in 2025, making 2025 the first full year with no electricity generation in Britain from coal. This is a major milestone for Britain’s electricity decarbonisation and a significant step to reduce emissions (figures 1 & 2). Finding 4: Solar, Storage, and Imports Played a Growing Role Between 2021 and 2025, solar generation increased from supplying 4% of Britain's electricity, to 7% in 2025, while storage has doubled from 1% to 2% in 2025. Over the same period, imported energy has risen from 10% to 15% of Britain's electricity mix, highlighting a strong need to balance domestic low-carbon generation and improve grid flexibility (figures 1 & 2).
by Doug Mccauley 15 January 2026
Fuel Type Breakdown Britain’s electricity generation in December 2025 was once again led by wind, which supplied 38% of the energy mix. While slightly below the 39% recorded in December 2024 and the 41% peak in December 2023, wind maintained its dominant position and continued to outperform all other generation sources. Wind generation exceeded gas output by 13 percentage points, underlining its central role in Britain’s winter electricity supply. Gas accounted for 25% of electricity generation in December 2025, its lowest December share in the past five years, and 13 percentage points below December 2021. This continued decline highlights sustained progress in reducing reliance on fossil fuels, particularly during peak winter demand. Electricity imports rose to 15% of the generation mix, the highest December share over the past five years and up 5 percentage points year-on-year. This increase reflects growing reliance on cross-border electricity flows to support domestic supply during periods of high demand. Nuclear power contributed 10% to the mix, its lowest December contribution in the past five years and 6 percentage points below both December 2021 & 2022, continuing a multi-year trend of reduced nuclear availability. Solar generation delivered 2% of electricity, the highest December contribution in the past five years, though still modest given seasonal conditions. Storage technologies supplied 2% of the mix, doubling their contribution compared to previous Decembers and marking the strongest December performance to date. This growth highlights ongoing improvements in grid flexibility and battery capacity. Biomass generation accounted for 7%, up from 6% in December 2024, while hydropower remained steady at 3%, consistent with the past three Decembers. Coal remained absent from the generation mix, reinforcing Britain’s continued phase-out of coal-fired power. Zero-Carbon Sources & Carbon Intensity Zero-carbon sources, including wind, solar, nuclear, and hydro, supplied 67% of Britain’s electricity in December 2025. This represents the highest December share in the past five years and an 11 percentage point increase compared to December 2024. Carbon intensity fell further to 120 gCO₂/kWh, improving on December 2024’s 126 gCO₂/kWh and marking the lowest December level across the five-year period. This reduction reflects the combined impact of strong wind generation, increased storage deployment, and reduced gas usage. On a rolling 12-month basis, carbon intensity stood at 129 gCO₂/kWh, slightly higher than the previous year’s rolling average but still significantly lower than levels seen earlier in the decade. Meanwhile, the rolling 12-month average for zero-carbon generation increased to 56%, highlighting continued long-term progress in decarbonising Britain’s electricity system. Concluding Remarks December 2025 capped off a strong year for Britain’s electricity transition. Wind remained the backbone of the generation mix, and the zero-carbon share climbed to a record December high of 67%. These developments helped drive carbon intensity to its lowest December level in five years. However, the continued decline in nuclear output and a sharp rise in electricity imports underline ongoing structural challenges. To maintain momentum toward net zero and strengthen energy security, sustained investment in domestic clean generation, nuclear capacity, and flexible technologies will remain essential as Britain enters the next phase of its energy transition. Britain's Electricity Summary Charts
by Doug Mccauley 19 December 2025
edenseven are following trends in the renewable energy sector closely, as decarbonising the energy sector is vital for ensuring a sustainable future and achieving Net Zero. Considering the recent DESNZ quarterly update of the renewable energy planning database, we have produced a consolidated summary of projects in the United Kingdom that have received planning permission. We will continue to release updates each quarter. Key Insights: In the 12 months to the end of Q3 2025, the UK approved 710 solar PV projects, up 6% year on year and the second-highest 12-month total ending Q3. These approvals will deliver a record 5,448 MW of solar capacity. Offshore wind approvals doubled to 8 projects, set to deliver a record 9,900 MW. Meanwhile, onshore wind approvals fell to 42 projects, though total capacity rose to 1,039 MW, driven by larger average project sizes.
by Doug Mccauley 17 December 2025
Fuel Type Breakdown Britain's electricity generation in November 2025 was led by wind, which contributed 37% of the energy mix. This represents the highest November share in the past five years, up 10 percentage points compared to November 2024. Wind also outpaced gas generation by 10 percentage points, reinforcing its role as the dominant power source. Gas supplied 27% of electricity in November 2025, marking its lowest November contribution over the last five years. This decline underscores ongoing progress in reducing reliance on fossil fuels and highlights the shifting balance towards renewable energy. Electricity imports accounted for 11% of the generation mix, unchanged from November 2024 but slightly below the 12% seen in November 2023. This continued reliance on cross-border electricity reflects the need to balance intermittent domestic supply. Nuclear power contributed 10% of the mix, down from 12% in both November 2023 and November 2024, and 6% below the level seen in November 2021, continuing a trend of reduced nuclear availability. Solar generation provided 2% of Britain’s electricity, down from 4% in November 2024, but largely consistent with the previous years, indicating stable, though modest, contributions from solar during autumn. Storage technologies supplied 2% of the mix, up 1 percentage point compared to November 2024, marking the highest November contribution in the past five years. This increase signals improvements in grid flexibility and battery deployment. Biomass contributed 8%, up slightly from 7% in November 2024, while hydropower remained steady at 2%, consistent with levels over the previous five years. Coal remained absent from the generation mix, continuing Britain’s phasing out of coal-fired power. Zero-Carbon Sources & Carbon Intensity Zero-carbon sources, including wind, solar, nuclear and hydro, delivered 66% of Britain’s electricity in November 2025, the highest November share in the past five years and a significant 24 percentage points higher than November 2024. Carbon intensity fell sharply to 126 gCO₂/kWh in November 2025, a marked reduction compared to 171 gCO₂/kWh in November 2024 and the lowest November level in the past five years. On a rolling 12-month basis, carbon intensity remained low at 129 gCO₂/kWh, slightly higher than the previous period but still reflecting the impact of increased renewable generation. The rolling 12-month average for zero-carbon generation is 55%, 4% higher than the previous 12-month period, highlighting steady long-term growth in low-carbon electricity sources. Concluding Remarks November 2025 was a strong month for Britain’s electricity transition. Wind delivered record November output, storage continued to support grid flexibility, and the zero-carbon share reached an all-time November high of 66%. Carbon intensity dropped to its lowest November level in five years, underlining the tangible benefits of renewables and flexible technologies. Despite these gains, nuclear output remained lower than in previous years, and imports continued to play a role in balancing supply. To sustain momentum towards net zero, ongoing investment in domestic clean energy generation, storage, and flexible grid technologies remains essential. Britain's Electricity Summary Charts